Potassium sulfate

Potassium sulfate - Names and Identifiers

Name	Potassium Sulphate
Synonyms	sop Glazier's salt arcanumduplicatum Potassium Sulfate kaliumsulphuricum Potassium Sulphate dipotassiumsulfate Arcanum duplicatum Potassium sulfate, alpha POTASSIUM SULFATE ANHY LOW NIT Potassium sulfate test solution(ChP) POTASSIUM SULFATE, BIO-REFINEDPOTASSIUM SULFATE, BIO-REFINEDPOTASSIUM SULFATE, BIO-REFINEDPOTASSIUM SULFATE, BIO-REFINED POTASSIUM SULFATE, GRANULAR, REAGENT (ACS)POTASSIUM SULFATE, GRANULAR, REAGENT (ACS)POTASSIUM SULFATE, GRANULAR, REAGENT (ACS) POTASSIUM SULFATE, POWDER, REAGENT (ACS)POTASSIUM SULFATE, POWDER, REAGENT (ACS)POTASSIUM SULFATE, POWDER, REAGENT (ACS)POTASSIUM SULFATE, POWDER, REAGENT (ACS)
CAS	7778-80-5
EINECS	231-915-5
InChI	InChI=1/2K.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
InChIKey	OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Potassium sulfate - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	K2O4S
Molar Mass	174.2592
Density	2.66
Melting Point	1067°C
Boling Point	1689°C
Flash Point	1689°C
Water Solubility	110 g/L (20 ºC)
Solubility	Slightly soluble in water and glycerin, insoluble in ethanol, the aqueous solution is neutral. Almost insoluble in a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate.
Appearance	White crystal
Specific Gravity	2.662
Color	White
Odor	Odorless
Maximum wavelength(λmax)	['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01']
Merck	14,7674
PH	5.5-7.5 (25℃, 0.5M in H2O)
Storage Condition	Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
Stability	Stable.
Sensitive	Easily absorbing moisture
MDL	MFCD00011388
Physical and Chemical Properties	density 2.662 melting point 1067°C water-soluble 110g/L (20°C)
Use	Used as drugs, potassium, and used in the preparation of alum, glass and potassium carbonate

Potassium sulfate - Risk and Safety

Safety Description	S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
WGK Germany	1
RTECS	TT5900000
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	31043000
Toxicity	LD50 orally in Rabbit: 6600 mg/kg

Potassium sulfate - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials	Carnallite Sulfuric acid Ammonium sulfate Potassium chloride Octadecylamine Hydrochloric acid
Downstream Products	Potassium persulfate Calcium superphosphate

Potassium sulfate - Reference

Reference

1. Li Tianyu, Zhang Songshan, Zhang Zhisheng, Zhang Shou, Lei Yuanhua, Xie Peng, Bai Yueyu, Zhang Yang, Sun Baozhong. Variation of edible quality and collagen structure of three kinds of bovine skin during heating [J]. Meat Research, 2020,34(12):18-23.
2. [IF = 3.638] Zhenbao Zhu et al."Ultrasound improving the physical stability of oil-in-water gradients stabilizing by almond proteins." J Sci Food Agr. 2018 Aug;98(11):4323-4330
3. [IF = 6.558] Changhao Bao et al."Simultaneous determination of aesculin and aesculetin and their interactions with DNA using carbon fiber micro electro-modification by Pt-Au bimetric nano-articles." Anal Chim Acta. 2022 Apr;1202:339664

Potassium sulfate - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

colorless crystals or white crystalline particles or powders. Heavy and hard. No odor. Melting point of 1067 deg C; Boiling point of 1689 deg C; d 2. 66. Stable in air. 19 The substance is soluble in 8.4 ml water, 4ml boiling water, 75ml glycerol, insoluble in ethanol, acetone. Its aqueous solution is neutral, pH value is about 7.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Potassium sulfate - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

sulfuric acid was gradually added to the potassium hydroxide solution and filtered with heating. The filtrate was weakly acidic with sulfuric acid. The filtrate was evaporated, and the crystals were filtered with suction and dried.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Potassium sulfate - Introduction

Serum protein biochemical test, determination of blood potassium and other potassium salts, Kjeldahl catalyst for nitrogen determination, preparation of other potassium salts. Glucosamine sulfate special, medical and health products, chemical reagents.

Last Update：2022-10-16 17:28:42

Potassium sulfate - Application

Open Data Verified Data

An Analytical reagent for the analytical determination of nitrogen. Also used in medicine and the preparation of alum, glass and potassium carbonate, etc. It is also the main variety of chlorine-free potassium fertilizer.

Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40

Potassium sulfate - Reference Information

pH range	~ 7
NIST chemical information	information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link)
EPA chemical substance information	information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link)
available potassium fertilizer	potassium sulfate is a kind of available potassium fertilizer with high content, it is mainly prepared from anhydrous potassium magnesium sulfate alum and potassium chloride as raw materials. It is white or light yellow crystalline particles with α-type and β-type crystal forms. The α-form is a hexagonal colorless crystal, and the β-form is an orthorhombic colorless crystal. Bitter and salty taste. Generally containing potassium sulfate 90% ~ 95%, potassium (K2O)50% ~ 52%, sulfur (S)16%, chlorine (Cl) less than 2.2%; In addition, there are a small amount of sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and bromine (Br), etc., insoluble in ethanol, acetone and carbon disulfide, Soluble in water, can be directly absorbed by plants, can be used as base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and fertilizer. The experimental results show that the application of 1kg potassium sulfate can increase the yield of grain crops by 6~8kg and sugar beet by 15.5~22.5. Some of the chlorinated crops (such as fruit, flax, tobacco, tea, citrus, potato, etc.) can not be applied with potassium chloride, but can be applied with potassium sulfate. The application of potassium sulfate in acidic soil should be appropriately applied with lime or mixed with phosphate rock fertilizer, which can improve the utilization rate of phosphorus and does not increase the acidity of soil. potassium sulfate was dissolved in water immediately after it was applied to soil, and dissociated into K + and SO2-4; Some of K + was absorbed by plants, resulting in physiological acidic reaction, the other part of K + is the Soil Colloid adsorption and Ca2 + and other cations exchange into the soil solution, and the residual SO2-4 of the formation of CaSO4; The latter solubility is small, not easy with the water loss, in the neutral and calcareous soil, the effect of the degree of decalcification and acidification of the soil is light. Application Technology: potassium sulfate as base fertilizer, topdressing, seed fertilizer and root topdressing can be; As the root of the topdressing concentration of 2% ~ 3%. Suitable for all kinds of soil, less air pollution in mountain area, low organic matter content of sand, gravel and other sulfur-deficient soil, but also to supplement its sulfur nutrition; Acid soil long-term application of potassium sulfate, easily lead to soil acidification, lime or other alkaline fertilizer shall be applied; SO2-4 of the fertilizer is easy to be reduced to H2S (hydrogen sulfide), generally not potassium sulfate. Potassium sulfate is suitable for various crops. Cruciferous crops, onion, garlic, garlic and other need more sulfur or chlorine-free crops, the effect is better.
production method	(1) Mannheim method. Potassium chloride and sulfuric acid metering continuous into the reaction furnace, reaction to generate solid potassium sulfate, discharge and cooling is the product. The tail gas (HCl 29%) is dried, purified, dedusting, cooled, and absorbed to obtain 30% ~ 33% hydrochloric acid. The reaction formula is as follows:(1)KCl + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HCl ↑ (2)KHSO4 + KCl → K2SO4 + HCl ↑ (2) potassium chloride and mirabilite (or sodium sulfate) conversion Method for raw materials. Potassium chloride and Glauber's salt are mixed in a certain proportion, and a conversion reaction is carried out at room temperature in aqueous solution. The reaction product is separated by solid-liquid, and the intermediate product potassium Glauber's salt (K2SO4 · 3 Na2SO4) is obtained, the resulting liquid phase was evaporated to precipitate NaCl (as a by-product), and the parent solution was cooled to precipitate part of potassium mirabilite and then returned to one stage of conversion. The first-stage conversion reaction formula is as follows: 6KCl +4 Na2SO4 · 10H2O → 3K2SO4 · Na2SO4 ↓ + 6NaCl + 40H2O potassium mirabilite and potassium chloride are mixed in a certain proportion in aqueous solution, under the condition of normal temperature, the two-stage conversion reaction is carried out, the solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain potassium sulfate, and the mother liquor returns to the first-stage conversion. The two-stage conversion reaction is as follows: 2KCl +3 k2so4 · Na2SO4 → 4 k2so4 ↓ +2NaCl (3) a conversion method using potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate as raw materials. Potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate according to a certain proportion of ingredients, in aqueous solution, under normal temperature conditions for a conversion reaction, after solid-liquid separation of soft potassium magnesium alum (K2SO4 · MgSO4 · 6H2O), the mother liquor may be used for the production of magnesium chloride. The first-stage conversion reaction formula is as follows: 2KCl + MgSO4 · 7H2O → K2SO4 · MgSO4 · 6H2O ↓ + MgCl2 + H2O soft potassium magnesium alum and potassium chloride are mixed in a certain proportion, at room temperature, potassium sulfate is produced by two-stage conversion reaction, and then the finished potassium sulfate is obtained by solid-liquid separation, drying and packaging. The formula of the two-stage conversion reaction is as follows: 2KCl + K2SO4 · MgSO4 · 6H2O → 2 K2SO4 ↓ + MgCl2 +6H2O 1. Mannheim method with 98% sulfuric acid and potassium chloride decomposition reaction at high temperature, potassium sulfate, by-product of hydrochloric acid. 2. The crystallization separation method uses the Tung shell alkali or the plant ash alkali to obtain the potassium sulfate through the roasting, the leaching, the filtration, the concentration, the centrifugal separation, and the drying. 3. Alunite reductive pyrolysis method alunite, roasting dehydration, and then decolorized, leaching with caustic soda solution, desilication, concentration, separation of crude potassium sulfate, After refining, potassium sulfate product was obtained. Potassium sulfate can be obtained from the role of potassium chloride and sulfuric acid or sulfur dioxide, or from sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate neutralization.
solubility in water (g/100ml)	grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 7.4g/0 ℃;9.3g/10 ℃;11.1g/20 ℃;13g/30 ℃;14.8g/40 ℃; 18.2g/60 ℃;21.4g/80 ℃;22.9g/90 ℃;24.1g/100 ℃
identification test	10% sample solution was positive for potassium salt test (IT-27). Sulfate test (IT-29) was positive. Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. The pH value of 5% sample solution was 5.5-8.5.
content analysis	accurately weigh a sample of about mg, dissolve in of water, add 1 ml of hydrochloric acid, and heat to boiling. 8-9ml of hot barium chloride reagent were added in portions with constant stirring and heated on a steam bath for 1H. The precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water until free of chloride, dried, burned and weighed. The weight of the obtained barium sulfate is multiplied by 0.7466, which corresponds to the content of potassium sulfate (K2SO4).
toxicity	ADI is not specified (FAO/WHO,2001.) GRAS(FDA,§ 184.1643,2000). LD50 6600mg/kg (rat, oral).
Use limit	Non-alcoholic beverage 0.015%; Other GMI.
Use	agricultural potassium sulfate can be used as a chemical fertilizer, can make economic plants to achieve sustained high quality, high yield, for tea, vegetables, fruits and other crops. Analysis of potassium sulfate serum protein biochemical test, determination of potassium and other potassium salts, Kjeldahl nitrogen determination catalyst. In addition, it can also be used in the dye industry for the preparation of intermediates, the glass industry as a clarifier, the perfume industry as an auxiliary, used in medicine as laxative. It can be used as a general additive in the food industry, but also for serum protein biochemical testing.
toxic substance data	information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)

Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:11

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